Mechanical activated carbon filters are generally used in the pretreatment process of water treatment projects, mainly to remove mechanical impurities, colloids, microorganisms, organic matter, and active chlorine. The shell materials generally include PE, rubber-lined steel, steel with plastic spray coating, steel with epoxy anti-corrosion, stainless steel, and fiberglass. According to different process requirements, the filter media generally include quartz sand, activated carbon, manganese sand, and anthracite. According to the water inlet method, they can be divided into single-flow filters and double-flow filters, and according to site requirements, they can be vertical or horizontal. They can be used alone or in combination depending on the actual situation.

Working principle: Activated carbon filters, also known as pressure filters, refer to raw water being filtered under a certain pressure through filter media to remove suspended solids, insoluble particles, eliminate color and odor, and dechlorinate to achieve purification. After purifying a certain amount of raw water, the filter media is cleaned and restored by backwashing.

Introduction and structural composition of SCF-QS fully automatic shallow media filter

SCF-QS working principle:

The shallow media filter uses quartz sand as the filter media. Under a certain pressure, water with high turbidity passes through a certain thickness of granular or non-granular quartz sand filter, effectively intercepting and removing suspended solids, organic matter, colloidal particles, microorganisms, chlorine, odors, and some heavy metal ions in the water, ultimately achieving the effect of reducing water turbidity and purifying water quality. It is a highly efficient filtration device.

SCF-QS product structure diagram

The main components of the SCF-QS unit consist of a spherical tank, water distributor, collector, manholes, and support legs.

Spherical tank: can fully cooperate with the water distributor to distribute water evenly; together with the 55 water caps of the collector, it forms an internal circulation during backwashing, preventing sand loss.
Water distributor: ensures that unfiltered water flows evenly through the filter media layer even at high flow rates and maintains a flat water surface on the media layer.
Collector: the unique 55 mushroom-shaped differential pressure compensation collectors balance water pressure in all parts of the system during filtration, allowing high filtration flow and efficiency; during backwash, it forms internal circulation, achieving high backwash efficiency without sand loss.
Manholes: the filter has two manholes, upper and lower, facilitating installation and replacement of the collector and water collector. The upper manhole is used for observation and adding materials, while the lower manhole is used for draining and maintenance.

Support legs: detachable support legs facilitate transportation, reduce transportation costs, are easy to install on site, have adjustable height, and better adapt to uneven ground.

Working principle

Filtration state

When the system is in filtration state, unfiltered water passes through the upper water distributor and, cooperating with the spherical shell, reaches the filter media layer inside the filter in a near-plug flow state. As water flows through the media layer, impurities are trapped within it. The collector at the bottom of the filter evenly collects and discharges the filtered water. The plug flow filtration ensures good filtration performance even at high flow rates.

Backwash state

As impurities accumulate in the media layer, the head loss (i.e., differential pressure) increases continuously. When the differential pressure reaches a set limit or the filtration time reaches a set value, the system automatically switches to backwash state to clean the media layer and remove accumulated impurities. Regular backwashing to remove accumulated impurities is necessary for the system.

When the system enters backwash state, the PLC controls the three-way valve to change its position (inlet closed, sewage outlet open). Filtered water from other filter tanks partially flows into the filter tank to be backwashed. Due to system pressure, the media layer in the backwashed filter unit is lifted by the water flow impact, and impurities are discharged through the sewage outlet of the three-way valve.

Specification table

For larger flow rates, more filter units can be used in parallel. Please contact our product engineers for detailed answers.

Assembly instructions:

1. Installation sequence

1. Check the installation ground: the ground must be flat, with flatness less than 10mm per meter; cement ground must bear more than 3 tons per square meter.

2. Arrange SCF-QS units: arrange SCF-QS units according to the installation drawings.

3. Install sewage valves. (Grooved pipe joint connection)

4. Install inlet and outlet main pipes. (Protect plastic sewage valves during installation to avoid damage; install brackets to support main pipes if necessary)

5. Install differential pressure switches, inlet and outlet pressure gauges, and air release valves. Pay attention to threaded connections to avoid incorrect installation.

6. Connect wiring and piping for SCF-QS units.

2. Installation method

Step one: Assembly of SCF-QS units

1. Inlet threaded cap filter irrigation

2. Hex bolt M16×35

3. Gasket

4. Upper manhole cover

5. O-ring N307×7

6. Water distributor

7. Water collector

8. Spherical cylinder

9. Outlet threaded cap

10. Support leg

11. Support leg cover

12. O-ring N307×7

13. Lower manhole cover

14. Gasket

15. Hex bolt M16×35

Scope of application

1. Mainly used for pre-treatment in water treatment for turbidity removal, water softening, electrodialysis, and reverse osmosis, also applicable to surface water, groundwater, etc. It can effectively remove suspended solids, organic matter, colloids, and sediment in water.

2. Widely used in electronics and power, petrochemical, metallurgy and electroplating, papermaking and textile, pharmaceutical dialysis, food and beverage, drinking water, industrial and enterprise water use, swimming pools, etc. It meets the liquid filtration needs of various industries.

 Dirty water enters from the filter inlet, first passing through the coarse filter screen to remove larger particles, then reaching the fine filter screen. During filtration, the fine filter screen gradually accumulates dirt and impurities from the water, forming a filter impurity layer. Because the impurity layer accumulates on the inside of the fine filter screen, a pressure difference forms on the inside and outside of the fine filter screen. When the pressure difference of the self-cleaning filter reaches the preset value, a switch signal is sent to the control box PLC system to start a cleaning cycle. Cleaning process: The cleaning mechanism of the fully automatic negative pressure suction filter is a stainless steel spiral up-and-down moving suction scanner. It is hollow in structure, with several suction nozzles vertically distributed at certain distances along its axis. The inside of the suction scanner communicates with the 3” drain valve. When the drain valve opens, the pressure difference between the internal water pressure of the filter and the external atmospheric pressure generates strong suction at each suction nozzle. At each suction nozzle, water flows rapidly from outside to inside in reverse, washing impurities attached to the inner wall of the filter screen into the suction nozzle, through the hollow shaft of the suction scanner, then discharged through the drain valve, completing the cleaning process which takes about 30-60 seconds. At this time, the pressure difference returns to normal, the cleaning process ends, and filtration resumes. During cleaning, the system continues to flow.